Vacuum controlling device



g- 1940- A. A. HEINZELMANN 2 L 11 VACUUM CONTROLLING DEVICE Filed March28, 1938 2 Sheets-Sheet l VENTOR.

; ATTORNEY.

Aug. 13, 1940- A. A. HEINZELMANN VACUUM CONTROLL ING DEVICE Filed March28, 1958 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Wiw A 1N VENTOR.

BY 1514' ATTORNEY.

Patented Aug. 13, 1940 UNITED STATES VACUUM CONTROLLING DEVICE AlphonseA. Heinzelmann,

Itockville Centre,

N. Y., assignor to Bludalk, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of NewYork Application March 28, 1938, Serial No. 198,615

1 Claim.

My invention relates to vacuum controlling devices and refersparticularly to devices adapted for the control of gas mixturesintroduced into internal combustion engines by means for au- 5tomatically maintaining a practically constant vacuum. in the intakemanifold during deceleration irrespective of the speed of the engine.

When the speed of an internal combustion engine is decelerated, andespecially when it is 10 suddenly decelerated, by releasing theaccelerator, the engine is rotating at a speed greater than its idlingspeed as it functions as a brake during this period of deceleration andhence, with the throttle closed, the vacuum in the in- 5 take manifoldis greater than the vacuum at idling speed and this increased vacuumdraws in a greater amount of gasoline than can be completely burned inthe engine. As a result of this over-feed of gasoline, the

g9 exhaust gases contain a large amount, of unconsumed, or partiallyconsumed, gases which have an irritating and obnoxious odor.

This undesirable effect isparticularly noticeable in the case of largeheavy vehicles such as :35 trucks and busses. 1

The object of my invention is devices which will automatically controlthis vacuum during deceleration and maintain it at .a practicallyuniform vacuum, thus preventing the feed of gaso- 30 line beyond theconsuming capability of the engine during this period, and hence,obviating the production of obnoxious gases.

The novelty and effectiveness of my device will be evident uponaconsideration of my speci- 5 flcation and the accompanying drawings, in

which similar parts are designated by similar numerals. I

The accompanying drawings illustrate one form. of the device of myinvention. 40 Figure l is a side view of a device of my invention partlybroken away for purposes of description.

Figure 2 is an enlarged section through the line 2--2 of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a section through the line3-3 of 40 Figure 2.

Figure 4 is a section through the line 4-4 of Figure 2. l V

Figure 5 is a section through the line 5-5 of 50 Figure 4.

Figure 6 is a perspective view of the piston valve.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of a floating valve. 55 The particularform of the device of my invention illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings comprises a cylindrical body portion l having a centrallypositioned bore ll therethrough. The upper portion [2 of the bore II isof concave formation, this portion of the bore having a greater diameterthan the lower portion. The lower portion of the body Ill has an annularflange l3 carrying a plurality of openings l4, I4. The upper portion ofthe body [0 has a plurality of threaded recesses l5, l5 and an inwardlyex- 10 tended annular flange l6.

Positioned within the bore ll of the body I0 and spaced from the sidewall thereof is a cylindrical member ll having an outwardly extendedannular flange I 8 adapted to abut upon the flange l6 of the body It),the upper faces of the flanges I 6 and I8 being in alignment, Thecylinder 11 has a plurality of openings, or ports I9, [9 connecting theinterior of the cylinder I! with the space of the bore ll between thecylinder l1 and the body [0.

Positioned within the cylinder i1 is an annular slidable piston valve20, the closed end 2| of which has an inwardly extended flange 22 havingan opening 23 therethrough. The valve 20 25 has an inwardly directedshoulder 24, the upper portion 25 of the. valve thus having a lessoutside diameter than the outside diameter of the lower portion of thevalve, this upper portion 25 having a plurality of elongated openings26,

26 therethrough. Positioned around the upper portion 25 of the valve 20,are a plurality of an nular floating valve members as 27, the verticaldimension of each ofsuch floating member being slightly less than thedimension from the shoulder 24 to the top edge' of the member 25. Eachsuch valve member 21 has a projection 28 adapted to be inserted withinan opening 26 of the valve member 25, the dimensionsv of the members 26and 28 being such as toprevent the lon- 40 gitudinal andverticalmovements of the valve member 21 with respect to the Valvemember 25, but allowing free inward and outward movement of the valvemember 21.

The pistonvalve 20' and its accompanying ele- 5 ments are so positionedthat the floating valves 2! are opposite the ports l9, I9 of thecylinder l1 and capable of opening and closing said ports duringmovements of the valve 20.

Positioned above the body portion Ml is a U- shaped bracket 29, theupper portion of which has a centrally positioned opening 30. The lowerextremities of the bracket are extended outwardly forming feet 3|, 3|which abut upon the up-. per face of the body In, the upper edge of thecylinder I! and the upper edge of the valve piston 20. Each bracket foot3I has an opening therethrough in alignment with a threaded recess I5 ofthe body It, and hence a bolt 32 in each foot 3| fixedly attachestogether the body ID, the bracket 29, and the cylinder I1 and limits theupper movement of the valve 20. One of the feet 3! has an inwardlyextended lug 33 having an opening therethrough and a pin 34 passingthrough this hole and entering a recess in the bottom 2| of the pistonvalve prevents a rotary movement of the valve 20 with respect to thecylinder I'I.

A threaded rod 35 is passed through the opening of the upper portion ofthe bracket 29 and is maintained in a predetermined position by the nuts36. A coiled spring 38 is connected to the lower end of the rod 35, theother end of the spring 38 being attached to the threaded rod 39threaded within the opening of the bottom 2I of the piston valve 20, therod 39 being maintained in position by the nut 40.

Surrounding the device, as described, is a casing comprising twosemi-annular segments each having a lower portion 4| and an upperportion 42, the latter having a plurality of openings 43, 43 therein,and I prefer to place a screen 44 around both portions M and 42 adaptedto prevent the entrance of dust and other particles into the device. Thetwo parts of the casing are affixed to each other by a plurality ofthreaded bolts 45, 45 and nuts 45, 46 passed through holes in aplurality of aligned lugs 4'1, 4'! carried by the casing. A pin 48 ispassed through an opening in the casing 4i and the flange I3 of the bodyIll, thus preventing the rotation of the casing around the otherelements of the device.

A conical shaped adapter 49 having an annular flange 50 is fixedlyattached to the body II) by means of threaded bolts 5|, 5|. Theconstricted end of the adapter 49 enters the intake manifold 52, theportion 53 of which is the vacuum intake manifold and the portion 54 ofwhich is the carburettor intake manifold, the latter having a usualthrottle valve 55.

It will thus be seen that the vacuum from the vacuum intake manifold 53will operate within the bore II of the body I0 and have a tendency todraw the piston valve 20 downwardly, the downward movement of this valvebeing governed against said vacuum pull by the tension of the spring 38.

In operation the tension of the spring is controlled by the rod so thatthe upper edges of the floating valves 21, 21 will register with theupper edge of the cylinder ports I9, IQ of the cylinder I! when thevacuum in the intake manifold is at engine idling speed. When in thisposition no air can pass through the cylinder ports I9, I9 as theseports are completely covered by the floating valves 21, 21 and thevacuum acting upon these valves holds them tightly against the face ofthe cylinder [1 insuring positive closure of the ports.

When the vacuum in the vacuum intake manifold becomes greater than thatat engine idling speed, the vacuum will overcome the set tension of thespring and will draw the piston valve 20 downwardly, uncovering theports I9, I9 and allowing air to pass therethrough, thus reducing thevacuum to engine idling vacuum, whereupon the piston moves upwardlyagain closing the ports I9, I9 and recovering the vacuum of idlingspeed.

It will thus be seen that if the vacuum increases slowly the deviceimmediately moves with corresponding slow speed to admit the properamount of air to maintain the set vacuum, and that if the vacuumincreases rapidly the device immediately moves with corresponding rapidspeed to maintain the set vacuum, and, hence, irrespective of the speedof increased vacuum the device will act automatically to immediatelyovercome this increase and maintain the vacuum at its predetermined anddesired amount.

In order to further insure the rapidity and accuracy of the movements ofthe valve, I prefer to have the upper portion of the interior face ofthe body of concave shape as shown in the drawings, as I have found thatthe sudden inflow of air against a vertical face due to a rapid increaseof vacuum is liable to cause a slight back eddy of air against the portswhereas in the formation as shown this is avoided, as the air is notreflected backwardly against the valve but is immediately caused tospread and flow downwardly into the vacuum chamber.

While a piston valve without a floating member can be employed, I preferto employ a piston having a floating valve member as shown anddescribed, as such floating valve is the only portion of the pistonabutting upon the inner face of the cylindrical member, while the entireside walls of the piston valve without such floating member abuts uponsaid cylinder face. It is evident, therefore, that a floating valvemember can be replaced, if necessary, more readily than an entirepiston, and further a floating valve operated by vacuum makes a closerseat than a sliding piston valve.

I do not limit myself to the particular size, shape, number orarrangement of parts as shown and described, as these are given solelyfor the purpose of clearly describing the devices of my invention.

What I claim is:

A vacuum controlling device comprising a body 7 member having a passagetherethrough, a hollow open ended cylindrical member mounted in saidpassage and spaced from the walls thereof, said cylindrical memberhaving ports through its walls providing communication between thecylinder and body member, a spring-controlled piston reciprocallymounted within the walls of said cylindrical member, means adapted toset the tension of said spring at a predetermined strength, freelyfloating valve elements carried by said piston slidably engaging thewalls of said cylinder to control the ports and adapted to be heldagainst said ports by a vacuum in said body member, said piston beingadapted to be moved against the tension of said spring to open saidvalve elements by a vacuum greater than the tension of said spring.

ALPHONSE A. HEINZELMANN.

